18–27% of the AP exam. Key topics: Political science methods and comparative methodology, Defining state, nation, regime, and government, Democracy vs. authoritarianism: defining features and distinctions, Totalitarianism and theocracy as regime subtypes, Communist and single-party political systems, Federal vs. unitary state structures, Sources of political power and authority, Legitimacy: traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal types, Democratization and regime transition processes, Factors contributing to political stability and instability.
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