10–15% of the AP exam. Key topics: World War I: alliance system, assassination of Franz Ferdinand, trench warfare, total war, home front mobilization, WWI outcomes: Treaty of Versailles (1919), war guilt clause, reparations, territorial changes, Russian Revolution: February and October Revolutions (1917), Lenin and Bolshevism, civil war, Stalinist Soviet Union: collectivization, Five-Year Plans, purges, totalitarianism, Rise of fascism: Mussolini and Italian Fascism, Hitler and National Socialism (Nazism), Weimar Republic's collapse, The Great Depression and its political consequences in Europe, Spanish Civil War: Franco, International Brigades, ideological battleground, World War II: appeasement, invasion of Poland, Holocaust (genocide, concentration camps), Allied victory, Collaboration and resistance in occupied Europe.
Study guide content for this unit is being prepared. Check back soon for complete lesson notes, formula sheets, and worked examples.
