12–13% of the AP exam. Key topics: Presentational writing mode (Section IIA Task 2), Thesis formulation: clear, debatable claim in the opening paragraph, Three-source integration: print article + visual/data source + audio clip (all three required), Source citation conventions in Spanish (Según la fuente número uno…, El gráfico muestra que…, De acuerdo con el audio…), Sustained argumentation vs. source summary, Advanced grammatical structures: subjunctive, conditional, passive voice (se construyó), conditional perfect, Discourse markers and transitions: no obstante, por lo tanto, sin embargo, cabe destacar que, en contraste, Time management: 15 min source review + 40 min writing.
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