10–17% of the AP exam. Key topics: Manifest Destiny ideology and westward expansion, Mexican-American War: causes, conduct, and territorial outcomes (Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo), Sectional crisis: Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, 'Bleeding Kansas', Dred Scott decision and its constitutional implications, Lincoln-Douglas debates and Republican Party formation, Secession and Civil War causes, Civil War: military strategy, emancipation, and home-front mobilization, Emancipation Proclamation (1863) and its limitations and significance, 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, Reconstruction: Presidential vs. Radical Reconstruction, Freedmen's Bureau, Black Codes, and Reconstruction Acts, Compromise of 1877 and the end of Reconstruction.
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