8–10% of the AP exam. Key topics: World War I causes: militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism (MAIN); assassination of Franz Ferdinand, New warfare technologies: trench warfare, poison gas, machine guns, tanks, airplanes, Total war: mobilization of entire economies and civilian populations, Treaty of Versailles (1919): war guilt clause, reparations, territorial losses, League of Nations, Interwar period: Great Depression, mass unemployment, political radicalization, Rise of fascism: Mussolini in Italy, Hitler in Germany, Franco in Spain, Japanese militarism and expansion in Asia (Manchuria 1931, China 1937), World War II: Holocaust, genocide, atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Total war and civilian targeting: strategic bombing, occupation atrocities, forced labor.
Study guide content for this unit is being prepared. Check back soon for complete lesson notes, formula sheets, and worked examples.
